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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
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Fecha : |
21/08/2019 |
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Actualizado : |
27/01/2021 |
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Autor : |
CIPRIOTTI, P.; AGUIAR, M.; WIEGAND, T.; PARUELO, J. M. |
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Título : |
Combined effects of grazing management and climate on semi-arid steppes: hysteresis dynamics prevent recovery of degraded rangelands. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2019 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019. |
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DOI : |
10.1111/1365-2664.13471 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received:10 October 2018/Accepted:28 June 2019. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACTS:
1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation of shrub clusters into a matrix of scattered less palatable grasses. 5. Plant compositional changes occurred through grass species replacement (e.g., P. ligularis is replaced by Pappostipa humilis) and the associated hysteresis effect of palatable grass species: model simulations suggest that 2-3 decades of heavy and year-long continuous grazing can drive palatable grasses to close to extinction, whereas natural recovery of degraded steppes may take 100 years or longer. 6. Synthesis and applications. Desertification and climate change challenge grazing management in semi-arid rangelands, especially in already degraded ecosystems. Management that alternates between years of grazing and resting was effective to maintain the cover of palatable grasses, but this allowed for only very slow recovery of degraded steppes. While drier climate and grazing may not change the overall spatial patterns of vegetation, our results are rather pessimistic regarding the short-term recovery of palatable grasses. This will require increasing complexity in ecosystem restoration efforts, combined with interventions such as sowing, watering, reseeding or major changes in land use. MenosABSTRACTS:
1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation ... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
CARGA GANADERA; COEXISTENCIA PASTOS-ARBUSTOS; DESERTIFICATION; ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION; GRASS-SHRUB COEXISTENCE; HYSTERESIS; MOSAICOS DE VEGETACIÓN; PASTOREO OVINO; RESTAURACIÓN DE ECOSISTEMAS; SHEEP GRAZING; SIMULATION MODELLING. |
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Thesagro : |
DESERTIFICACION. |
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Asunto categoría : |
-- |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03732naa a2200325 a 4500
001 1060044
005 2021-01-27
008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1111/1365-2664.13471$2DOI
100 1 $aCIPRIOTTI, P.
245 $aCombined effects of grazing management and climate on semi-arid steppes$bhysteresis dynamics prevent recovery of degraded rangelands.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
500 $aArticle history: Received:10 October 2018/Accepted:28 June 2019.
520 $aABSTRACTS: 1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation of shrub clusters into a matrix of scattered less palatable grasses. 5. Plant compositional changes occurred through grass species replacement (e.g., P. ligularis is replaced by Pappostipa humilis) and the associated hysteresis effect of palatable grass species: model simulations suggest that 2-3 decades of heavy and year-long continuous grazing can drive palatable grasses to close to extinction, whereas natural recovery of degraded steppes may take 100 years or longer. 6. Synthesis and applications. Desertification and climate change challenge grazing management in semi-arid rangelands, especially in already degraded ecosystems. Management that alternates between years of grazing and resting was effective to maintain the cover of palatable grasses, but this allowed for only very slow recovery of degraded steppes. While drier climate and grazing may not change the overall spatial patterns of vegetation, our results are rather pessimistic regarding the short-term recovery of palatable grasses. This will require increasing complexity in ecosystem restoration efforts, combined with interventions such as sowing, watering, reseeding or major changes in land use.
650 $aDESERTIFICACION
653 $aCARGA GANADERA
653 $aCOEXISTENCIA PASTOS-ARBUSTOS
653 $aDESERTIFICATION
653 $aECOSYSTEM RESTORATION
653 $aGRASS-SHRUB COEXISTENCE
653 $aHYSTERESIS
653 $aMOSAICOS DE VEGETACIÓN
653 $aPASTOREO OVINO
653 $aRESTAURACIÓN DE ECOSISTEMAS
653 $aSHEEP GRAZING
653 $aSIMULATION MODELLING
700 1 $aAGUIAR, M.
700 1 $aWIEGAND, T.
700 1 $aPARUELO, J. M.
773 $tJournal of Applied Ecology, 2019.
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Registro original : |
INIA La Estanzuela (LE) |
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 | Acceso al texto completo restringido a Biblioteca INIA Las Brujas. Por información adicional contacte bibliolb@inia.org.uy. |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha actual : |
29/09/2014 |
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Actualizado : |
09/10/2019 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
A - 1 |
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Autor : |
MÁRQUEZ-MARTÍN, B.; MAESO, D.; MARTÍNEZ-AYALA, A.; BERNAL, R.; FEDERICI, M.; VINCELLI, P.; NAVAS-CASTILLO, J. |
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Afiliación : |
DIEGO CESAR MAESO TOZZI, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay; ROBERTO FRANCISCO BERNAL PIACENTINI, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay; MARIA TERESA FEDERICI RODRIGUEZ, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Diverse population of a new bipartite begomovirus infecting tomato crops in Uruguay. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2012 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Archives of Virology, 2012, v.157, no.6, p.1137-1142. |
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ISSN : |
0304-8608 |
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DOI : |
10.1007/s00705-012-1262-6 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received: 5 October 2011 / Accepted: 17 January 2012 / Published online: 1 March 2012.
The nucleotide sequences reported in this work are available in the GenBank database under the accession numbers JN381813 to JN381829.
Contains supplementary material. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Several isolates of a novel begomovirus were characterized from tomato samples collected in northern Uruguay exhibiting disease symptoms associated with Bemisia tabaci infestations. Analysis of full-length sequences of DNA-A and DNA-B components revealed the presence of a new begomovirus with the typical genome organization of a New World begomovirus, for which the name tomato rugose yellow leaf curl virus (ToRYLCV) is proposed. A high degree of nucleotide sequence diversity was found for both components, suggesting the presence of a diverse virus population. Recombination analysis suggested relationships of ToRYLCV to begomoviruses reported from the New World. Although common regions from DNA-As and DNA-Bs were surprisingly divergent for a cognate pair, a DNA-A and DNA-B pair cloned from one sample were infectious in Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato and reproduced symptoms observed in field-infected tomato plants, suggesting that ToRYLCV is the causal agent of the disease observed. This is the first report of a begomovirus infecting tomato crops in Uruguay and of the presence of begomovirus in this country.
© 2012 Springer-Verlag. |
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Thesagro : |
BIODIVERSIDAD; CULTIVO DE TOMATE; ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS; GENETICA; GENETICA MOLECULAR. |
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Asunto categoría : |
F01 Cultivo |
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Marc : |
LEADER 02264naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1050703
005 2019-10-09
008 2012 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a0304-8608
024 7 $a10.1007/s00705-012-1262-6$2DOI
100 1 $aMÁRQUEZ-MARTÍN, B.
245 $aDiverse population of a new bipartite begomovirus infecting tomato crops in Uruguay.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2012
500 $aArticle history: Received: 5 October 2011 / Accepted: 17 January 2012 / Published online: 1 March 2012. The nucleotide sequences reported in this work are available in the GenBank database under the accession numbers JN381813 to JN381829. Contains supplementary material.
520 $aABSTRACT. Several isolates of a novel begomovirus were characterized from tomato samples collected in northern Uruguay exhibiting disease symptoms associated with Bemisia tabaci infestations. Analysis of full-length sequences of DNA-A and DNA-B components revealed the presence of a new begomovirus with the typical genome organization of a New World begomovirus, for which the name tomato rugose yellow leaf curl virus (ToRYLCV) is proposed. A high degree of nucleotide sequence diversity was found for both components, suggesting the presence of a diverse virus population. Recombination analysis suggested relationships of ToRYLCV to begomoviruses reported from the New World. Although common regions from DNA-As and DNA-Bs were surprisingly divergent for a cognate pair, a DNA-A and DNA-B pair cloned from one sample were infectious in Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato and reproduced symptoms observed in field-infected tomato plants, suggesting that ToRYLCV is the causal agent of the disease observed. This is the first report of a begomovirus infecting tomato crops in Uruguay and of the presence of begomovirus in this country. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
650 $aBIODIVERSIDAD
650 $aCULTIVO DE TOMATE
650 $aENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS
650 $aGENETICA
650 $aGENETICA MOLECULAR
700 1 $aMAESO, D.
700 1 $aMARTÍNEZ-AYALA, A.
700 1 $aBERNAL, R.
700 1 $aFEDERICI, M.
700 1 $aVINCELLI, P.
700 1 $aNAVAS-CASTILLO, J.
773 $tArchives of Virology, 2012$gv.157, no.6, p.1137-1142.
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